Archive for January, 2006

The difference between city and county

Thursday, January 26th, 2006

Because Bloomington is more than half the population of Monroe County, the city and county governments rival each other in size. City and county government meetings run side by side all the time on Channel 12, the local cable TV channel devoted to government. Both city and county have executive and legislative branches.

As a result, people are always confusing the two. I have on several occasions been mistaken for a member of the county legislative body.

If you want an example of how politics is not necessarily always about political parties, survey any ten county employees and ask them to comment on their counterparts in city government, and vice versa. (You may have to filter out some choice language.)

So how to differentiate the city and county governments?

Let’s start with their bosses. The city’s chief executive is the Mayor. The chief executive body of each county in Indiana is made up of a panel of three people called “Commissioners.”

The city’s highest legislative body is the aforementioned nine-member Council. The county also has a Council, made up of seven members: four represent districts, three represent the whole county at-large.

Everyone serves four-year terms. The mayor is elected at the same time as the city councilmembers, in the year before a presidential election. The county has elections in even-numbered years; they stagger the seats of both Commissioners and Councilmembers so that not everyone is elected at the same time. (I don’t know why we don’t do that in Indiana cities, but that’s state law for ya.)

The biggest difference I see between city and county is that in the city, laws are passed by the Council, but in the county, laws are passed by the Commissioners. Yes, the executive also does legislation. The primary role of the county Council is fiscal: they approve the county’s annual budget, which gives them a lot of influence over policy, but it’s not the same as actually writing and approving laws.

One thing that confuses people is where everyone does their thing. Since Bloomington is the county seat, most county government activities take place within the city limits. The Monroe County Courthouse is smack-dab in the center of the city, and most county offices are downtown just like City Hall. County employees can be found all over downtown Bloomington. (This actually creates a political issue with one of the b?™tes noires of any locality’s politics: parking. I’ll be covering that topic soon enough.)

There’s more to untangle, such as what responsibilities are the county’s and what are the city’s. But this is good for starters.

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The very basics of the Bloomington metro area

Thursday, January 26th, 2006

Here is the Monroe County Courthouse, the very heart of downtown Bloomington.

 

 

Bloomington (70,000) is the only “city” in Monroe County (120,000), and the county seat. The next largest population center is Ellettsville (5,000), which is too small to be a city and so is called a “town.” The only other population center incorporated in Monroe County (in other words, measured by the Census) is Stinesville (200).¬†

In 2000, the Census Bureau determined that Greene and Owen Counties are part of the Bloomington metropolitan area, because a significant percentage (I think more than 25%) of residents of those counties commute to work in Bloomington. Thus, the metropolitan area of Bloomington is now somewhere around 180,000. (The city’s government, of course, only has jurisdiction within the city’s limits.)

And yes, the figure on the weathervane top of the Courthouse is a fish. That’s a long story.

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The very basics of how Bloomington’s city council works

Wednesday, January 25th, 2006

Bloomington’s nine councilmembers meet in regular session twice monthly, on the first and third Wednesdays of the month at 7:30 pm.¬†

It may seem like we meet more often than that. That’s because we do. Let me explain.

Any item we consider — an ordinance, an appropriation ordinance (not the same thing), a resolution (non-binding) — must be introduced during a regular session. Its introduction is called a “first reading.” During that session, the resolution is only read out loud, letting people know that we’re going to talk about it the next time we meet.

Well, if we waited until the next regular session to discuss the resolution in public, it might be considered, and accepted or rejected, in the course of a few meager hours. But everyone wants to get some vague idea of where the public, the mayor’s office and administration, and fellow councilmembers stand on the issue at hand before councilmembers go spouting off about it during a regular session.

So, to get this idea, the council meets in a “committee of the whole,” where we get a formal presentation on the resolution by whoever’s sponsoring it, and then we get to grill people about it. Then we take public comment on the resolution. Then councilmembers get to make final comments, then we vote on a recommendation to our future selves a week from now as to whether the resolution ought to pass (”yes”) or not (”no”). Then we go home.

Since the vast majority of resolutions require deliberation, the council conducts regular “committee of the whole” meetings on the second and fourth Wednesdays of the month, also at 7:30 pm.

At the next regular session, the resolution gets its “second reading,” which is also its final reading. We go through the same process as the week before, but usually it’s only to resolve major hang-ups that came up. Councilmembers then vote to adopt the resolution (”aye”) or reject it (”nay”). If the ayes have it, the resolution becomes official, or the ordinance becomes law.

There you go, that’s the basics. It’s all televised on public-access (which we might lose soon thanks to the greedy Baby Bells, more on that later) and then webcast by HoosierNet so you can watch all the gory details.

On the fifth Wednesday of the month, we rest. Also, we take a month off between the first regular session in August and the first in September. And we skip committees of the whole between the last regular session of December and the last one of January. Oh, and Spring Break. Hallelujah.

P.S.: No, I don’t get a per diem for traveling to council meetings.

Is the council nit-picking…or is the newspaper cherry-picking?

Tuesday, January 24th, 2006

It’s a little premature for me to post this, as I haven’t finished introducing the blog as a whole. But here’s my first article of any substance in the new year. It’s a guest column to Bloomington’s daily newspaper, the Herald-Times, about their tendency to editorialize and to trivialize local issues in their newshole.

It was published Saturday, and I’ve already received privately several compliments on it. Evidently I’ve struck a local nerve. (If you’d like some background, let me know.)

For the record, the little section headers I wrote were stripped from the published product. The text below is my original text. Links to the referenced articles follow the text. 

Is the Council nit-picking…or is the H-T cherry-picking?
Jan. 13, 2006 (published in the Herald-Times Jan. 21, 2006)
Stephen Volan is a member of the Bloomington City Council.
*

‚ÄúThe editorial page of the newspaper is for precisely the things my disgruntled correspondent says we should not be doing. Our primary role is to serve the public by providing information, but the editorial pages…allow all who write for it to push or lead if their opinions are strong enough to do so.‚Äù — Bob Zaltsberg, August 15, 2005

Let’s examine the Herald-Times’ commitment to not “pushing” or “leading” outside its editorial page by deconstructing a recent opinion (‚ÄúCity council nitpicks CVS project too much,‚Äù January 8, 2006).
In public comments Jan. 3, I praised the new CVS project, saying I was looking forward to walking there to shop. I indeed said I thought all developments should be required to provide 3-dimensional models, not merely well-executed drawings.

Then, agreeing with Councilmember Ruff, I said the building should conform to “building-forward” design. It should be up against a street to send the explicit message that this building is for pedestrians too, not just for cars. Difficulty with ADA compliance didn‚Äôt appear to be enough reason to set the building back from all sides. The building‚Äôs setback was my main objection.

* Sin of omission

Only my 3-dimensional-models comment made it into Kurt Van der Dussen’s Jan. 4 story on the meeting. Implicitly through omission, he misrepresented why my initial vote on this project was a ‚Äúno.‚Äù

Mr. Van der Dussen was evidently the editorialist days later, even if another did the rewording. The Jan. 8 opinion follows the story beat for beat, often word for word. Even the story’s headline says Council “picked apart” CVS, while the editorial’s says Council “nitpicked.” It’s as if they were written simultaneously, with the explicit editorializing added later.

During that meeting, he decided that various objections were simply Council‚Äôs “personal preferences and foibles,‚Äù that the objections were over the “smallest” architectural features, and that Council is trying to micromanage “every project within the city.‚Äù (Mightn‚Äôt CVS‚Äô building choices also be idiosyncratic? If the features are so small, why is CVS skimping?)

He then chose comments from various CMs with an eye to variety, to emphasize their apparent pettiness. It doesn’t occur to him that Council might deliberate with an eye to the city’s Growth Policies Plan and its recently adopted downtown sub-plan – both developed after months of consensus-building among hundreds of interested citizens.

* Ignoring pictures big and small

This long-time reporter also seems not to realize that despite CVS’ months of meeting with planning officials, this was the first time that elected and not appointed officials were considering the request. He insists Council should not “rubber stamp,” yet would rather Council’s opinions were not the “final arbiter” of the project. I wonder whose he thinks should be.

Another telling nit to pick: Mr. Van der Dussen reported that Council would take its final vote Jan. 11. Regular sessions are the first and third weeks of the month; the next is Jan. 18 — a fact published well in advance of the editorial and stated clearly Jan. 3. (This was the only story error corrected in the editorial — without fanfare, of course.)

A small mistake, but perfectly indicative of someone with…”tenure,‚Äù let us call it: a reporter so long ensconced that he now just assumes he‚Äôs always correct.

* The devil is in the details

So comes now the pot calling the kettle petty. The jobs of both councilmember and journalist involve examining the details.

Looking for subtle omissions is necessary to decipher the technique of a writer who supports his shallow political opinion by looking at a tree and calling it the forest. Nit-picking is necessary to tease out a cherry-picker whose “reporting” should be trusted no more than his editorializing, because he can’t separate the two.

But one writer’s foibles aside, it is impossible to rationalize this editorial with the mini-editorial of Nov. 11, 2005, “Kudos for Nashville’s new CVS”:

The new pharmacy looks like it’s been there for decades. It has no resemblance to the dreaded boxy concrete building adorned with neon and ‘Giant Sale’ signs that might come to mind with a chain store.

The CVS looks like a remodeled old cottage-like building. It even has a porch.

In a town like Nashville, <a href=”http://www.blogger.com/img/gl.link.gif”>keeping architecture in harmony with the rest of the community</i> is important. This is a great example.

Bloomington’s Council expects nothing less from CVS: architecture in harmony with the rest of the community. How are the H-T editorial board’s standards so profoundly lower for its own hometown?

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  • Is the council nit-picking, or is the H-T cherry-picking? Herald-Times, Jan. 21, 2006 (paid registration required)
  • City council nitpicks CVS project too much Herald-Times, Jan. 8, 2006 (paid registration required)
  • Members pick apart the CVS pharmacy plan Herald-Times, Jan. 4, 2006 (paid registration required)
  • Kudos for Nashville’s new CVS Herald-Times, Nov. 11, 2005 (paid registration required)
  • A partial image of Nashville’s new CVS Brown County Democrat (bcdemocrat.com), Aug. 17, 2005)¬†
  • The very basics of cities in Indiana

    Thursday, January 19th, 2006

    Indiana has three classes of cities. There is only one “first-class” city, which is defined simply as being more than 250,000 population. That city is Indianapolis, also the state capital. It has a mayor and a 25-person city council.¬†

    Then there are “second-” and “third-class” cities. Second-class cities must be at least 35,000 population, and must opt to become second-class. Bloomington is a second-class city and, at 70,000, is the seventh-largest city in the state. There are, I think, around 30 second-class cities in Indiana.

    Second-class cities have a nine-member council. Six represent districts and three are at large. All are elected quadrennially in the year before a presidential election.

    Any town that opts to become a city starts out as a third-class city, which has a seven-member council. Third-class cities also elect a “clerk-treasurer,” and the mayor serves on the council. In second-class cities, the mayor is elected separately, as is a city clerk, and the city “treasurer” is appointed by and works for the mayor.Here’s an article about a Hoosier city going through these very definitions itself:

    Portage should be wary of second-class status  

    Portage hit the magic population number in the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2004 estimate that would elevate the city to second-class status. But that status isn’t worth acquiring yet.¬†¬†

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    No such thing as government in the singular

    Wednesday, January 18th, 2006

     

    I find that most people don’t understand government.¬†

    Partly that’s because there’s no such thing as “government,” in the singular, monolithic sense of the word. There are many “governments,” plural. There are federal, state and local governments. The executive vies with the legislature and the judiciary. Departments within the executive sometimes compete with each other for scarce tax dollars. Each division has its own mission, and sometimes missions overlap. There are many governments, and they all fight for turf.

    Take our city, for example. We have a Bicycle and Pedestrian Safety Commission. We have a Traffic Commission. We have an office of Parking Enforcement. And we have a public transit corporation. Where these entities converge, the city as a whole must balance the interests of pedestrians, cyclists, private car drivers and public buses. Say a local-loop bus would alleviate a lack of “adequate” parking in the center of town. Is that a bus issue or a parking issue?

    Most citizens don’t pay close enough attention to their governments to make such fine distinctions between them. They become confused, lost, don’t know who to ask. They become distrustful and suspicious. It’s easier to lump them all together, throw up one’s hands, and declare the government to be no good.

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    About Councilmanic

    Wednesday, January 18th, 2006

    I’m a sitting councilman in Bloomington, Indiana USA. Since before I took office two years ago, I’ve been thinking about publishing a blog to articulate my experiences and work out my thoughts as a municipal officeholder. Partly it was to reach out to my constituents; partly it was to reach out to people people around the country and around the world to get and discuss good ideas with them.¬†I got sidetracked by lots of things, not the least of which was the simple gravity of the task of learning how to blog, and keeping up with “feeding the kitty.” (People in the publishing biz refer to the task of filling the newshole. The kitty is insatiable and must be fed only as much as necessary.)On Monday, the nation celebrated the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. The federal holiday’s theme has become “A Day On, Not a Day Off.” Halfway through my term, I felt like it was finally time to take the bull by the horns. I have a couple of years in office under my belt. I have an idea what’s going on, how our city works. And it looks like blogging isn’t quite as complex as I expected. (Although it took Two Days “On” just to research the right blog setup.)So, here’s Councilmanic. It’s the adjective used in Indiana state law to describe seats on municipal legislative bodies. And it implies that one would have to be a little crazy to delve in such matters. (I’m still asking myself about this job…what was I thinking?) Wish me luck, and help me out.b